Pension systems with a gender focus: progress and setbacks in Latin America and the Caribbean

 Pension systems with a gender focus: progress and setbacks in Latin America and the Caribbean

CALL FOR INDIVIDUAL OR TEAM RESEARCH

Platforms for Social Dialogue: Inequalities and poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean; Rights, violence and gender equality

Registration closes: June 19, 2023

Social security systems in general, and the design and operation of pension systems in particular, are not gender-neutral. Studying pension systems from a gender perspective means addressing a highly relevant issue for contributing to achieving equality between men and women in the region. There is ample evidence showing how “women face multiple and diverse inequalities throughout the life cycle and face, to a greater extent than men, the risk of experiencing poverty due to not receiving their own monetary income in old age” (Carpenter). et. al., 2022, p. 2).

The Inter-American Conference on Social Security (CISS) and the Latin American Council of Social Sciences (CLACSO) are pleased to announce the call for research papers on the topic of “Pension systems with a gender focus: progress and setbacks in Latin America and the Caribbean”.

Justification

In recent years, it is possible to identify a series of analyses and studies that place the inclusion of the gender approach in pension systems at the center of the debate: there is important background that explores the weight of domestic and care work in the lives of women, systematization of good practices of public policies that seek to compensate for that care work in old age or even studies that address the implications in terms of poverty for women in old age.

The Gender Affairs Division of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) conducted pioneering work that contributed to the efforts of various specialists and organizations, generating a wealth of knowledge on the subject. In this regard, the study states that the information accumulated over the last 15 years on pension systems in Latin America allows us to affirm that “women are at a disadvantage compared to men in most countries of the region and face specific difficulties in achieving economic autonomy in old age” (ECLAC, 2019, p. 21). For example, in the region, it is common for women's coverage and pensions to be lower than men's in social security schemes, and for women to be overrepresented in the indirect financing benefits of old-age pension systems and widow's pensions.

However, it is possible to identify some progress in the region. As ECLAC mentions, the first step was to acknowledge that pension systems were not gender-neutral and that the privatization reforms that established individual capitalization had more detrimental effects on women than on men. The inequality that women may face even in old age remains a stark manifestation of the enduring sexual division of labor and its highly negative consequences and implications for women. The imposition of these gender roles “limits the proper exercise of the right to equality and non-discrimination for women, their autonomy and resilience, generating disproportionate conditions of vulnerability to poverty” (UN Women, 2018, p. 64).

Objective

This call for proposals seeks to address the obstacles faced by many women in the region in accessing retirement benefits or pensions in their old age. Despite having performed the majority of domestic and care work throughout their lives, they often lack the necessary contributions or funds to access a pension that would allow them to maintain economic independence in their later years.

The overall objective of this Call is to analyze the relationship between women's lack of access to a pension and the care work they perform in the domestic sphere throughout their life cycle.

The specific objectives are:

  • To contribute to making visible and recognizing the domestic and care work that women perform throughout their lives
  • To promote a critical, evidence-based view of the design of social security systems in general and pension systems in particular, which have not only failed to consider the contribution of unpaid care work carried out predominantly by women to social security systems, but have also failed to recognize its value.

Modalities of participation

There are two ways to participate:

First modality: Individual participation or in research teams with a link to one or more member centers of the CLACSO network www.clacso.org.ar/clacso/centros_miembros_clacso/inicio.php.

This modality can also include mixed teams of researchers, in which some people have a link with CLACSO member centers and others with centers affiliated with the CISS.

Second modality: Institutional participation of persons who are part of social security institutions affiliated with the Inter-American Conference on Social Security (CISS) https://ciss-bienestar.org/miembros/

Central themes of the research

First modalityThe proposals must fall within one of the following categories:

  1. Analysis of the phenomenon of the gender pension gap in the region (factors involved in this problem, debates on the impact of the design of pension systems on widening or reducing the existing gender gap, etc.)
  2. Analysis of the role of care work, which is mostly performed by women, in the debate on the scope and sufficiency of pension benefits.
  3. To offer arguments and evidence that support a critical look at the current conception of social security systems in general and pension systems in particular from a gender and rights-based approach.
  4. To offer general recommendations, based on evidence of good practices, to strengthen the gender equality approach in social security systems in general and pension systems in particular.

Second modalityProposals for research and/or dissemination of best practices will be accepted, under one of the following formats (this list is not exhaustive):

  1. Evaluation of a program or policy with a gender focus and pension systems within its area of ​​competence.
  2. Systematization of good practices or past, current or planned initiatives in matters of gender and pension systems within its scope of competence.
  3. Reflective exercise that includes data and information on a program or policy with a gender focus and pension systems within its area of ​​competence.

CONTEST RULES

First modality:

  • At least one of the applicants must be a researcher with accredited ties to one of the CLACSO Member Centers. The information provided in the registration form is considered a sworn statement. If the project is awarded, the applicant must submit a letter of support signed by the highest authority of the member center.
  • Both individual and group applications are welcome (teams of up to 3 members). In the case of group applications, teams may also include individuals affiliated with social security institutions belonging to the Inter-American Conference on Social Security (CISS).
  • The formation of the teams must respect gender parity (it must consider the participation of women, at least one female academic per team).
  • Each team must consist of established researchers—those with a master's degree, doctorate, or equivalent qualification and a proven academic track record—and researchers in training—those currently pursuing a master's or doctoral degree and holding an undergraduate degree.
  • One of the team members must be selected as the person responsible for registering the project. He or she will open the registration form in the system and register the other team members within it.
  • The CLACSO member centers to which the applicants are linked must not have any outstanding debts in the payment of membership fees corresponding to the year 2022.
  • Each researcher may only participate with one proposal in this call.
  • If the project is awarded and any travel is necessary, the winners will have to cover the costs of the trips and associated medical or similar insurance at their own expense.

 

Second modality:

  • Applicants must be employed by and have documented ties to a social security institution affiliated with the CISS. The information provided on the application form will be considered a sworn statement. If selected, applicants must submit a letter of support signed by the relevant department or management of their institution.
  • Submissions from individuals or groups will be accepted. Teams may consist of up to three (3) members. Teams must include at least one woman.
  • One member of the team must be selected as the person responsible for registering the project. He or she will open the registration form in the system and register the other team members within it.
  • Each person or research team may only participate with one proposal in this call.
  • More than one proposal per social security institution is allowed as long as they come from different people or research teams.
  • The social security institutions to which the applicants belong must not have any outstanding debts in the payment of membership fees to the CISS at the close of 2022.

First modality:

 Up to 4 (four) proposals will be recognized.

  • The amount of each of the grants awarded will be 4.500 USD (four thousand five hundred United States dollars) or its equivalent in the national currency of the team leader, before international interbank transfer.
  • Proposals with a regional or multi-country emphasis will be valued, although proposals for single-country studies may be accepted.
  • Priority will be given to proposals that consider, either alone or together with other countries, those of Central America and the Latin and English-speaking Caribbean as places of study.
  • The proposed research will be carried out within a maximum period of 8 months.
  • The grants will be paid in installments via bank transfers made to the winning researcher and/or team leader. Any bank transfer fees and/or commissions will be the responsibility of the researchers.
  • The winning individuals will work with the support of tutors assigned by CISS and CLACSO, who will follow the process of their research and results.
  • CLACSO and CISS will publish the final products in print and/or digital media, giving them wide publicity and dissemination through the means they deem appropriate. If necessary, researchers will be asked to make the adaptations and adjustments required for the publication of the resulting research.
  • The authors will transfer the original publication rights of their works, given that CLACSO adheres to and defends the principles of open science and open access to knowledge, so that the resulting work is easy to find, accessible, interoperable, and reusable. Subsequently, the works may be published in any other medium, always citing this Call for Papers.
  • Researchers must inform CLACSO of the subsequent publication of the works resulting from the research work.

Second modality:

 Up to five (5) research proposals will be selected. Preference will be given to ensuring representation from all subregions within the CISS.[1].

  • Although no financial compensation is planned for work done under this modality, CISS and CLACSO, in addition to publication, will implement public recognition before the membership and the presentation of the results at a special event.
  • The winning individuals will work with the support of tutors assigned by the CISS, who will monitor their research process and results.
  • CLACSO and CISS will publish the final products in print and/or digital media, giving them wide publicity and dissemination through the means they deem appropriate. If necessary, researchers will be asked to make the adaptations and adjustments required for the publication of the resulting research.
  • The authors will transfer the original publication rights of their works, given that CLACSO adheres to and defends the principles of open science and open access to knowledge, so that the resulting work is easy to find, accessible, interoperable, and reusable. Subsequently, the works may be published in any other medium, always citing this Call for Papers. Researchers must inform CLACSO of the subsequent publication of the works resulting from their research.

[1] To see the subregions go here https://ciss-bienestar.org/estructura-subregiones/

  • CLACSO member centers or CISS affiliated institutions to which applicants are linked must not have any outstanding membership fees for the year 2022.
  • Completed research projects will not be accepted. Proposals may be linked to ongoing research processes, but the final works must be original and unpublished products and developed within the period established by the call for proposals.
  • Members of the Steering Committee or officials of the Executive Secretariat of CLACSO or of the General Secretariat of CISS and its Center for Studies may not participate.
  • Proposals from researchers who are currently recipients of research grants, fellowships, or research projects organized by CLACSO will not be accepted. Applications from researchers who have previously received a CLACSO research grant will be accepted, provided that the recipient has fulfilled all obligations in a timely manner.
  • Texts written in the four languages ​​commonly used in Latin America and the Caribbean (Spanish, English, Portuguese and French) will be accepted, depending on the country of origin of the proposal.
  • In the first stage, the submitted proposals will be reviewed for their formal and administrative aspects to ensure their compliance with the competition rules. Proposals that do not meet the established requirements will be rejected.
  • Applications that pass to the next stage will be evaluated by an International Committee composed of experts who will assess the quality and relevance of the proposals, which will be submitted under a pseudonym.
  • The Call may be declared void or a smaller number of scholarship recipients may be selected, if the proposals submitted do not meet the required quality and consistency.
  • Situations not covered in this document will be resolved by the convening institutions.
  • The ruling will be final.
  • The research projects will develop their work plan between July 2023 and February 2024. This plan will be implemented under the facilitation of tutors assigned by CISS and/or CLACSO.
  • The progress and final reports submitted by the researchers will be reviewed by tutors.
  • For first modality and in their final version, the research papers submitted as a result must have a length of between 12.000 and 15.000 words (appendices and bibliography separate) written in font Time News Roman 12, single space. This criterion is approximate and CLACSO/CISS are free to make reformulations or exceptions if they deem it necessary.
  • For second modality The final version of the research papers submitted as a result should be between 6.000 and 8.000 words in length (excluding appendices and bibliography), written in Times New Roman 12-point font, single-spaced. This is an approximate guideline, and CLACSO/CISS reserves the right to make adjustments or exceptions if deemed necessary.
  • The structure of the text will be free, respecting the conventions of presentation of an academic text and the editorial standards of CLACSO (https://www.clacso.org.ar/concursos_adm/adjuntos_concursos/40_instructivo_en.pdf), in addition to APA + GENDER.
  • In addition, each team must submit an executive summary of the results of the work carried out, with a length of up to 300 words, before March 2024.
  • Texts written in the four languages ​​commonly used in Latin America and the Caribbean (Spanish, English, Portuguese and French) will be accepted, depending on the country of origin of the accepted proposal.

It is mandatory that the submission be made through the online registration system provided by CLACSO. Printed submissions and submissions sent by email will not be accepted. It is recommended to access the online system to view the registration form.

  1. Access the CLACSO website clacso.orgThe online registration system will be available starting on May 9th.
  2. Register in the CLACSO Single Registration System (SUIC). The generated username and password will be required each time you wish to access the system to consult, modify, add, or submit information for this or any other CLACSO activity. Applicants who are part of collective proposals must open a single form This will include all researchers on the team. One of the authors must also be designated as responsible for the registration. This same person will receive the corresponding monetary award if the proposal is selected by the Jury.
  3. Identify the proposal by indicating its title and the pseudonym of the applicant(s). Applications with pseudonyms that correspond to the applicant's first and/or last name will not be accepted. Once the corresponding fields are completed, the system will enable the uploading of the subsequent data.
  4. They must complete the registration form sworn declaration indicating the applicants' affiliation with a Member Center belonging to the CLACSO network. Consult the database of member centers at: www.clacso.org.ar/clacso/centros_miembros_clacso/inicio.phpOr from a social security institution affiliated with the Inter-American Conference on Social Security (CISS) https://ciss-bienestar.org/miembros/
  5. Complete the form personal and academic data and attach the curriculum vitae in free format; the digital copy of the identity document, passport or ID card; the digital copy of the highest academic degree obtained (or proof of degree in process) and the photograph.
  6. The proposal must be filled out on the form that appears once the personal and academic data has been completed.
  7. Once registration is closed, the system will produce an electronic certificate of receipt that will serve as proof.

Registration closes: June 19, 2023 (23:59 PM) (Argentina)
Winners will be announced in July 2023.
Project completion: between July 2023 and March 2024
Final report submission: March 2024

The results will be published on the CLACSO and CISS websites. Winners will be contacted by email.

Queries: [email protected]

Terms and conditions and forms: link


OPINION – Pension systems with a gender focus: progress and setbacks in Latin America and the Caribbean

The Latin American Council of Social Sciences (CLACSO) and the Inter-American Conference on Social Security (CISS) announce the results of the Call for individual or team research “Pension systems with a gender focus: Advances and setbacks in Latin America and the Caribbean”.

We appreciate the positive response to this Call for Proposals. We received 39 applications which, after the online technical review in accordance with the terms of reference, resulted in a total of 38 Applications eligible for evaluation by the International Committee. The Committee considered the quality, relevance, and coherence of the projects in accordance with the call for proposals.

The evaluation process was carried out by an International Committee composed of 8 expert evaluators of 5 countries: Consuelo Silva (Chile), Lourdes Jiménez (Argentina), José Noé Rizo Amézquita (Mexico), Sergio Carpenter (Argentina), Carlos Contreras (Mexico), Carlos Bracho (Venezuela), María Azocar (Chile) and Mariana del Rosario Barea Soza (Bolivia).

The Call for Proposals considers two modes of participation:

First modality: Individual participation or participation in research teams with a link to one or more member centers of the CLACSO network. Up to 4 proposals will be selected, which will receive financial support and monitoring from CLACSO.

Second modality: Institutional participation of individuals who are part of social security institutions affiliated with the Inter-American Conference on Social Security (CISS). They will not receive financial support, and the tutors will be professionals from the CISS.

In accordance with the above, the payroll of the 9 projects The selected list is as follows:

FIRST MODALITY

Research team

CLACSO Member Center

Central Country

Title of the project

Nathalie Denisse Chacón Ortiz, Rubenia Consuelo Castro Santos, Carlos Eduardo Argueta Muñoz

Foundation for the Development of Central America – FUDECEN

El Salvador

Gender gaps in pension systems: challenges and opportunities for the cases of El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico and Uruguay, 2005-2021.

Giancarlo Roach Rivas, Elvia Chavarria Martinez, Alexander Bernal Chanis

Center for Latin American Studies "Justo Arosemena" – CELA

Panama

The adequacy of pensions, their relationship with institutional design and economic crises: the case of women in Central America and Mexico.

Lorena Poblete, Camila Arza, David Sánchez Villa

Interdisciplinary School of Advanced Social Studies – IDAES School – National University of San Martín (UNSAM)

Argentina

Pension systems and care work: Innovations and challenges for gender equality in Latin America.

Yamirka Robert Brady, Carlos Rafael Labrada, Amanda de la Caridad Dunet Marciel

Dr. José A. Portuondo Center for Cuban and Caribbean Social Studies – CESCA – University of Oriente

Cuba

Sociocultural Factors and Gender Inequalities in Pension Systems: A Case Study in Anglo-Caribbean Countries. A Matter of Rights.

SECOND MODALITY

Research team

CISS Member Centre

Central Country

Title of the project

Lucía Corsiglia Mura, Diego Edgardo García, Ignacio Amigorena

National Social Security Administration – ANSES

Argentina

Recognition of contributions for Caregiving Tasks, a measure to reduce gender gaps in the Argentine pension system. Results two years after implementation.

Diego Bernardo Meza

Ministry of Labor, Employment and Social Security

Paraguay

Determinants of the probability of retirement for working women in the private sector of Paraguay. A review of 23 years of administrative records from the Social Security Institute.

Antonia Riveros María José Becerra Moro, Paula Vera

Ministry of Labor and Social Security

Chile

A closer look at pension reforms in Chile: progress on gender issues in the birthplace of individual capitalization.

Melanie Vieta

Institute of Social Welfare

Argentina

Retirement due to advanced age and gender. Advances and setbacks in the Buenos Aires pension system.

Grace Karina Atiencia Verdezoto, Stalyn Freddy Celi Barrera, Andrés Armando Palacios Lopez

Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security (IESS)

Ecuador

Gender gap in access to pension benefits in Ecuador: A qualitative-quantitative analysis.

This ruling is irrevocable and cannot be appealed.

Buenos Aires and Mexico, August 17, 2023